FNAC/FNAB
Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is a simple, quick and inexpensive method that is used to sample superficial masses like those found in the skin or internal organs using ultrasound guidance and is usually performed in the outpatient clinic. It causes minimal trauma to the patient and carries virtually no risk of complications. This test is used to ascertain benign vs malignant vs Inflammation lesions in the test specimen.
Faecal Cytology
Faecal cytology is performed to assess the cellular components including the bacterial distribution from the given smear.
Fluid Cytology: Ascitic/Pleural/Synovial/ CSF/Urine
Fluid cytology comprises studies on cellular details and provides information for the presence of an inflammatory exudate or transudate, neoplasia’s, reactive cells or demonstration of fungal or bacterial elements.
Broncho / Tracheal Alveolar Lavage (Bal/Tal)
Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is a minimally invasive procedure performed during flexible bronchoscopy to obtain a sample of alveolar cells. Analysis of BAL cell counts, cytology, and culture provides insights into immunologic, inflammatory, neoplastic, and infectious processes occurring at the alveolar level.
Exfoliative Vaginal Cytology for Estrous Staging in Canines
Exfoliative vaginal cytology as an essential part of the gynaecological examination is a simple, non-invasive method for the determination of the phases of the oestrous cycle (anoestrus, pro-oestrus, oestrus, Dioestrus) and is additionally applied in cases of silent heat, neoplasia’s etc.
Fungal Staining
A special stain is used to demonstrate fungal or yeast elements in biopsy material provided for confirmation or diagnosis of fungal infections.
Skin Scrapping
In an outpatient setting, a paraffin laden skin scraping is a common procedure used to obtain the superficial and deep dead layers of the skin. This procedure is most often used to diagnose fungal skin infections, Mite infestation’s such as tinea infections or demodecosis of the body.
Impression Smears
The study of cellular morphology or of tissue diseases after a clinical specimen, e.g., a bone marrow biopsy, is dabbed on a microscope slide or a microscope slide is pressed against a intact lesion. It is used in some settings as an adjunct or alternative to fine needle aspiration biopsy, frozen sectioning, and other pathological techniques.
Cytology General
Cytology is the exam of a single cell type, as often found in fluid specimens. It’s mainly used to diagnose or screen for cancer /inflammation / infections.
